Матеріальне забезпечення повсякденного життя ніжинців у 1944–1964 рр.: міфи та реальність
Ключові слова:
історія повсякденності, життєзабезпечувальна сфера, тоталітаризм повсякденності
Анотація
Стаття присвячена історії повсякденних практик міського населення Ніжина у повоєнне двадцятиріччя 1944–1964 рр. Сучасна історіографічна
парадигма дозволила авторці проаналізувати новітні праці зарубіжних і українських вчених, застосувати методи історичної реконструкції повсякденного життя ніжинців крізь призму архівних документів, друкованих джерел і матеріалів регіональної преси. Беручи до уваги розмаїтість
визначень і поглядів на природу повсякденності, дослідниця прагнула дотримуватися інтегрованого характеру категорії повсякдення та максимально зберегти історичний контекст щоденного життя. Порівняльний аналіз життєзабезпечувальної сфери повсякденного буття містян Ніжина у період пізнього сталінізму (1944–1953 рр.) і добу хрущовської лібералізації (1954–1964 рр.) дозволив виявити як спільні, тотожні тенденції, так і певні соціальні особливості у вимірі повсякденності. Охарактеризовано динаміку відбудови матеріально-забезпечувальної сфери побуту, суспільні деформації та незавершені реформи, проблеми та труднощі повсякденного життя ніжинців. Авторка стверджує, що суспільний індикатор матеріального забезпечення українців – продовольчі картки (до 1947 р.), заробітна плата, харчовий раціон, промислові товари, а також громадянські емоції людей про "омріяну казку" на тлі ейфорії від перемоги – варто розглядати у контексті повсякденної історії діяльності органів радянської влади. На конкретних фактах і подіях регіональної історії повсякденного життя ніжинців маємо можливість моделювати типові картини, як влада УРСР втручалася у побут громадян, виховуючи та підтримуючи в суспільстві ті якості "тоталітаризму повсякденності", що були їй потрібні.
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Ukrainian].
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Опубліковано
2020-05-29
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