Балто-слов’янська теорія походження Русі: історіографія проблеми
Ключові слова:
походження Русі, сторіографічний процес, норманізм
Анотація
Стаття присвячена комплексному аналізу досліджень з питання балто-слов’янського походження Русі в контексті розвитку історичної думки ХVІІІ – початку ХХІ ст. Розкриваються передумови зародження балто-слов’янської концепції. Акцентується увага на перших наукових працях, в яких доводиться прибалтійське походження перших руських князів та принесення державності саме з південно-балтійського регіону. Основна увага приділяється історіографічним працям Г. Міллера, М. Ломоносова М. Максимовича, С. Русова та І. Боричевського, С. Гедеонова, Ю. Венеліна, які припускали, що руси на півночі могли називатися варягами, але не належали до їх племені, а були тісно пов’язані з племенами поморських слов’ян – ружан, ран, рун, русів. Детально розкриваються погляди прямого сподвижника М. Ломоносова М. Костомарова, котрий шукав Русь на балтійському узбережжі в гирлі річки Німан, яка литовською називається "Русь". Саме правий берег річки, за переконанням вченого, називався Руссю або Русією, а народ, що там мешкав, – русами або русіеснами і належав до литовського племені жмудь. В публікації також наголошується на значному внеску у розвиток даної концепції і радянських вчених, які, попри офіційні марксистсько-радянські доктрини, всупереч диктату з боку Б. Рибакова, насмілювалися висловювати думку про південнобалтійське походження Русі. Саме стараннями радянських істориків була започаткована так звана "циркумбалтійська" теорія Пашуто-Лєбєдєва. В статті також аналізуються погляди сучасних істориків, зокрема В. Вілінбахова, М. Трухачова та А.Кузьміна, В. Фоміна, які критично ставляться до неонорманізму і підіймають тим самим розробку варяго-руського питання на абсолютно інший науковий рівень. Саме їх стараннями була закладена концепція багатоцентровості Русі.
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Переглядів анотації: 307
Опубліковано
2019-05-31
Як цитувати
Kyrylenko, S. Балто-слов’янська теорія походження Русі: історіографія проблеми. Література та культура Полісся, Vol 94, no 11i, May 2019, pp 5-35, doi:10.31654/2520-6966-2019-11i-94-5-35.
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